Engine Start Procedures

Definition

Engine start procedures refer to the standardized steps and checks that pilots perform to safely start an aircraft’s engine(s). These procedures are aircraft-specific, guided by manufacturer checklists, and often coordinated with ground crew, especially during pushback or ramp operations. Safe engine starts are critical for avoiding equipment damage, personnel injury, or runway incursions due to unintended movement.

Purpose

  • Initiate engine operation with correct fuel, air, and ignition sequencing
  • Ensure system readiness, including oil pressure and electrical supply
  • Prevent hot starts, hung starts, or compressor stalls
  • Coordinate with external power or air sources as needed
  • Safely transition the aircraft from ground power to engine-generated power

When Engine Start Occurs

  • After receiving clearance from ATC for “Start-up and Pushback” (at controlled airports)
  • Before taxiing at uncontrolled aerodromes (self-coordinated)
  • In sequence: either before, during, or after pushback (depending on SOP)

General Engine Start Sequence

Step Action
1Confirm clearanceATC start-up/pushback approval if required
2Beacon ON – Turn on anti-collision light (beacon) before start
3Power source check – Ground power, APU, or internal battery available
4Engine start checklist – Run through flow items (fuel pump, ignition, etc.)
5Start selected engine – Usually engine 2 first, using start switch/selector
6Monitor parameters – N1/N2 rotation, oil pressure, EGT, fuel flow
7Stabilization – Idle power confirmed, all values in limits
8Repeat for second engine – If applicable
9Generator/bleed setup – Switch electrical and pneumatic systems as needed
10Inform ground crew – “Engine start complete, ready for disconnect.”

Engine Start Types

Type Description
Battery startSmall aircraft using internal battery power
APU-assisted startAPU provides bleed air and electrical power
Ground power/air cart startRequires external connection for startup (common in jets)
Cross-bleed startOne running engine powers start of another (if needed)

Phraseology Examples

PilotGround Crew / ATC
“Ready for engine start, brakes set.”“Clear to start engines.”
“Starting engine two.”
“Engine two stabilized.”“Push complete, towbar disconnected.”
“Start complete, request taxi.”“Taxi to holding point runway 27 via Bravo.”

Typical Engine Start Indicators (Jet Example)

ParameterNormal Range
N1/N2 rotationIncreasing smoothly
EGTRises during ignition but stays within limits
Oil pressureRises rapidly after light-off
Fuel flowBegins at ignition
VibrationsWithin normal tolerances

Warnings and Malfunctions

TypeCauseAction
Hot startExcessive EGTCut fuel, motor engine to cool
Hung startN2 stalls below idleAbort start, retry or use alternate air source
No light-offIgnition failureAbort and investigate
High vibration or oil pressureMechanical issueAbort and request maintenance

Safety Considerations

  • ✅ Confirm area is clear of personnel, vehicles, and FOD
  • ✅ Ensure beacon light ON before starting
  • ✅ Monitor all engine gauges closely
  • ✅ Keep communication with ground crew active and clear

Tips for Pilots

  • Always follow aircraft-specific checklists
  • Practice engine starts using LearnATC simulation tools
  • In cold weather, allow extra time for oil pressure stabilization
  • Use the “challenge–response” method in multi-crew ops