Overhead Join
Definition
An Overhead Join is a standard VFR arrival procedure used to integrate safely into the traffic circuit at non-towered or uncontrolled aerodromes. The maneuver involves flying over the airfield at a designated height to visually assess runway conditions and traffic before descending into the traffic pattern.
This procedure enhances situational awareness, reduces collision risk, and allows the pilot to enter the circuit in the correct direction and at the appropriate altitude.
Purpose
- Join the traffic pattern safely, especially at busy or unfamiliar airfields
- Visually observe wind indicators, runway in use, and other traffic
- Standardize circuit entries at non-ATC aerodromes
- Avoid disrupting established circuit traffic
Procedure Overview
- Approach the aerodrome overhead at a height typically 500 ft above circuit altitude (e.g., 1500 ft AGL if the circuit is at 1000 ft AGL)
- Overfly the airfield in the direction of the active runway
- Observe traffic and runway indicators (wind sock, traffic flow, markings)
- Break off to the dead side (opposite from the circuit pattern)
- Descend on the dead side to circuit altitude
- Cross midfield at circuit altitude to join downwind leg in the correct direction
Phraseology Example
- “OE-XYZ, overhead field at 1500 ft, will join left-hand downwind runway 27”
- “Entering dead side for runway 09, descending to 1000 feet”
Traffic Pattern Terms
| Leg | Description |
|---|---|
| Overhead | Flying directly over the runway at 500 ft above circuit height |
| Dead side | Side of the runway opposite the circuit pattern; no traffic expected |
| Downwind | Leg flown parallel to runway in circuit direction |
| Base leg | 90° turn from downwind toward final approach |
| Final | Aligned with runway, descending for landing |
Standard Heights
- Circuit altitude: Usually 1000 ft AGL (check AIP or aerodrome chart)
- Overhead join altitude: Circuit altitude + 500 ft (typically 1500 ft AGL)
When to Use Overhead Joins
- ✅ At non-towered airports with no known runway in use
- ✅ When approaching a new or unfamiliar airfield
- ✅ During training flights and VFR arrivals
- ✅ To safely observe traffic flow before joining the circuit
When Not to Use
- ❌ When ATC or AFIS assigns a specific circuit entry
- ❌ In controlled airspace or CTRs unless explicitly cleared
- ❌ If the overhead is busy or weather conditions do not allow safe observation